What does the adrenal cortex release to manage the concentrations of mineral electrolytes?

The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing several types of hormones, and among them, mineralocorticoids play a crucial role in managing the balance of mineral electrolytes in the body. The primary mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex is aldosterone. Aldosterone regulates sodium and potassium levels by promoting sodium retention (and water retention) and the excretion of potassium in the kidneys. This mechanism is vital for maintaining blood pressure, fluid balance, and overall electrolyte equilibrium.

The other choices refer to different classes of hormones produced by the adrenal cortex. Glucocorticoids, for instance, primarily regulate metabolism and immune response rather than mineral electrolyte levels. Corticosteroids is a broad term that encompasses both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, thus not specifically focusing on mineral electrolyte management. Androgens, the male sex hormones produced in smaller amounts in females, contribute to development and maintenance of male characteristics but do not play a direct role in electrolyte regulation. Therefore, the distinct function of mineralocorticoids in electrolyte management makes them the correct answer in this context.